World Congress on
Advances in Analytical and Bioanalytical Techniques

Advanced biotechnology is inextricably associated to analytical chemistry. Not only is it incumbent to substantiate the individuality and purities of the products of recombinant DNA (rDNA) technology, but it is also essential to be able to detect and quantify these substances, their decomposition products, and their metabolites (when they are used as pharmacons), at trace concentrations. Understanding of how biology can be interfaced with electronic, mechanical and optical systems and the development of new instrumentation or techniques to retort fundamental and applied questions anenting new biological measurement sovereignty is a precedence for research to proffer new biofunctional materials and subjugate provocation concerned with analysis and diagnosis and bioelectronics. Applications are accentuated by almost every initiative for health, environment, energy, security and quality of life in all parts of the world.

Study of the chemical processes in living organisms, structure and function of cellular ample chemical properties of important biological molecules, like proteins, in particular the chemistry of enzyme-catalyzed reactions, genetic code (DNA, RNA), protein synthesis, cell membrane transport, and signal transduction. There is wide range of biotechnology as well as high quality articles on genetic engineering

The ensuing field of metallomics refers to the wholeness of research proceedings aimed at the assimilating of the molecular mechanisms of metal-dependent life processes. This censorious review scrutinize the concept of metallomics with a cynosure on analytical techniques and methods for the probing of interactions between metal ions and the organism's genome and the derived -omes: proteome and metabolome. Particular notice is bestow to the in vivo screening for the native metal-protein and metal-metabolite complexes by hyphenated techniques that combine a high-resolution separation technique (gel electrophoresis, chromatography or capillary electrophoresis) with sensitive elemental (inductively coupled plasma, ICP) or molecular mass spectrometric detection (electrospray or MALDI).

The contemporary status of elemental speciation is substantially based on the wield of hyphenated techniques in specific in the amalgamation of various types of chromatography with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The present status of environmental speciation with the hyphenated techniques is reviewed. There is a growing need for more inclusive approaches including the direct analysis of solid samples especially for the elemental speciation of heterogeneous materials with microscopic methods of analysis. Methods for solid-state speciation analysis with several types of beam methods of analysis are critically analyzed and are illustrated with two examples of our laboratory experience.

Marine Bioanalytical Chemistry analyze contaminants of regard with a exceptional emphasis on trace elements and their species as well as the analysis of isotopic compositions of stable non-traditional isotopic systems and their potential repercussion on the coastal zones and the circumambient marine environment. Provenance transport pathways and sinks of inorganic contaminants as well as their interactions with catchments, estuarine and coastal zones are intent on to contribute to the rife assessment of the environmental status of the North Sea and to identify potential denouement related to ongoing anthrophogenic utilization of the coastal zones. Therefore state of the art sampling techniques and analytical tools are utilized and continuously further developed to allow the exact fortitude of the beleaguered contaminants in different environmental compartments such as sediments, water and biota.

Immunochemical techniques are based on the interaction of antibodies with antigens .Antibodies are polymers containing hundreds of individual amino acids arranged in a highly ordered sequence. These polypeptides are produced by immune system cells when exposed to antigen substances or molecules. The impact of immunochemical techniques on the environmental field is evident in the extensive variety of immunochemical protocols which are available for the detection of trace contaminants, including pesticides, industrial residues and their degradation products. Immunoassay technology originated from by the development of a quantitative immunological assay which could detect human insulin at the pictogram level in small samples of body fluid.

An important aspect of materials science is the characterization of the materials that we use or study in order to learn more about them. Today, there is a vast array of scientific techniques available to the materials scientist that enables this characterization. While many characterization techniques have been practiced for centuries, such as basic optical microscopy, new techniques and methodologies are constantly emerging. In particular the advent of the electron microscope and Secondary ion mass spectrometry in the 20th century has revolutionized the field, allowing the imaging and analysis of structures and compositions on much smaller scales than was previously possible, leading to a huge increase in the level of understanding as to why different materials show different properties and behaviors. More recently, atomic force microscopy has further increased the maximum possible resolution for analysis of certain samples.

Food quality and safety are two  most perplexing issues in the present monitoring environment that are of great apprehension to today's health-conscious consumers Modern Techniques asylums the ethics and practical implementation of selected analytical methodologies in the arena of food and beverages. Quality monitoring is usually based on the congruence of some parameters to certain limits. Making a multivariate model to regulate this quality is more precise as it takes into account inherent information. It also gives a knowledgeable forecast of developments in this field. It emphases on developed fields of scanning electron microscopy, X-ray microanalysis, differential laser light scattering, near-infrared reflectance and Fourier transformations, and continuous-flow and flow-injection analyses. It also includes mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance, and bioassay. Moreover it dispense an introduction of molecular analysis of synthetic flavors and the automation of food analysis by use of computers, robotics, and other on-line methods. 

Pharmaceutical Analysis is an Analytical Method used to determination the quality and quantity of the pharmaceutical products. It also gives the information about the purity and safety of the products. Briefly it can be described as it identifies, determines, quantifies, purifies and separates the active compound from the mixture. The constituent may be a single compound or a mixture of compounds and may be in any of the dosage form. The substance used as pharmaceuticals are animals, plants, microorganisms, minerals and various synthetic products.

In present years there have been momentous progresses in methodological and technological tools to avert and lessen the venomous effects of analytical activities; key stratagems include recycling, replacement, reduction and detoxification of reagents and solvents. An well-organized and sincere approach towards bioanalytical method development has an enormous contribution towards green analysis. The selection of organic constituents of the mobile phase, choice of sample extraction process, adoption of an appropriate separation procedure and a few others, control the green chemistry approach of the bioanalytical method. In routine practice, UHPLC-MS can be the most suitable approach, while supercritical fluid chromatography is one of the best available techniques for green bioanalytical methods. Nevertheless, there always remains great scope of further research on green bioanalytical methods. 

Radioanalytical chemistry has proven historically to be a sensitive tool for the elaboration of reaction stoichiometries and equilibrium thermodynamics in solvent extraction. The rapid turn around of analytical results, the ability to use of low concentrations of metal ions, and the small volumes of solutions required for the experiments combine to make these methods well-suited to guiding the development of new reagents.

As an analytical tool electrophoresis is unsophisticated, swift and highly fragile. It is used analytically to study the properties of a single charged species and as a separation technique. It provides the basis for a number of analytical techniques used for separating molecules by size, charge, or binding affinity, example- for the separation of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), ribonucleic acid (RNA), or protein molecules using an electric field applied to a gel matrix. Gel matrix used mainly is polyacrylamide and agarose. DNA Gel electrophoresis is usually carried out for analytical purposes, often after amplification of DNA via PCR, but may be used as a preparative technique prior to use of other methods such as mass spectrometry, RFLP, PCR, cloning, DNA sequencing, or southern blotting for further characterization.

Biomedical Analysis elucidates the interdisciplinary trait of analysis in the clinical sciences, biomedical and pharmaceutical which include extensions in instrumentation, computation, analytical methodology, and interpretation. Biomedical Analysis is concerned with the studies of the medical issues and problems with the help of biological methodologies, including basic medical research and clinical medical research. The tenable combination of the basic research elements is the strategic for the research design and the basis for the writing of the biomedical research papers. .

Spectroscopy finds wide spread application in daily life. It is used in analytical chemistry, phyto-chemistry (plant chemistry), biological analysis, health care and medicine. Further spectroscopy has become a part of other means of estimation and analysis like in chromatography, elemental analysis and also identification tools. The grouping is done on the basis of the study made at atomic or molecular level. When light is allowed to pass through the substance, changes in atomic level or molecular level is observed.

The increasing concern towards protection of the environment, energy saving and optimization of a wide range of industrial processes in both nuclear and non-nuclear fields imposes the need for the development of advanced separation techniques in particular for  wastes and effluents. The goal in directing a separation is to provide a purified or partly purified form of the covet integral for analytical measurement, or to abolish other constituents that would interfere with the measurement, or both

Bioanalysis is a sub-discipline of analytical chemistry which cover biological molecules in unnatural locations or concentrations)  and the quantitative activity of xenobiotics (drugs and their metabolites and biotic (proteins, DNA, giant molecule medicine, macro and micro molecules, metabolites) in biological systems.

In analytical chemistry, surface analysis is the study of that unit of a solid which is in association with a gas or a vacuum. When two different forms of matter are in contact, they will form an interface. The term surface is usually withhold for the interface between a solid and a vacuum or between; a solid and a gas, the surface is examined to be that part of the solid that interacts with its environment. Other interfaces—those between two solids, two liquids, a solid and a liquid, or a liquid and a gas—is studied separately.

The degree of validation is influenced by the purpose of the endogenous analyte data, either assessing exploratory and safety biomarkers or determining pharmacokinetics of an endogenous therapy. The study of biotransformation is an essential part of the drug development process, providing valuable information on drug metabolism enzymatic pathways, the pharmacokinetics of the parent drug and its primary metabolites, the identification of chemically reactive metabolites from which there is potential for drug interactions, genetic polymorphisms and other unwarranted effects such as drug induced toxicity. Before a drug receives regulatory and market approval it has to be studied in non-clinical and clinical studies to demonstrate its safety and efficacy.

Drug delivery system refers to the combination of one or more traditional drug delivery methods with engineered technology that create the ability to specifically target where a drug is released in the body and the rate at which it gets released. Moreover, formulation is a mixture in a particular state that the drug is supplied to the patient either it can be solid, semisolid or liquid. Nanoparticles are significant in refining drug delivery that they can be pharmaceuticals as well as diagnostics. Currently the drug delivery systems are used in medical practice, the side effects occur depending on the medication, the way it is delivered and how our bodies respond, and it vary from person to person. 

The bailiwick of bioanalysis has bloomed outstandingly from early studies in drug metabolism using many simple and advanced techniques, and now Bioanalyst is well equipped to analyse with the modern challenges. A bioanalytical method is a set of strategy involved in the collection, processing, storage, and analysis of a biological matrix for a chemical compound. Bioanalytical method validation (BMV) is the process used to demonstrate that a quantitative analytical method is acceptable for biochemical applications. Bioanlysis concern with the quantitative measurement of Xenobiotics of drugs such as their metabolites, biological molecules in unnatural locations or concentrations and Biotics like proteins, DNA, large molecule drugs macromolecules, metabolites in biological systems. Bioanalysis is an escalating discipline for which the future holds many exciting opportunities to further improve sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, efficiency, assay throughput, data quality, data handling and processing, analysis cost and environmental impact.

The potential to provide reliable, accurate and consistent data is the aim of the analytical chemist. Method development procedures are expensive endeavors complex and extended. An analytical method details the steps and techniques necessary to perform an analysis. This may include: use of apparatus; generation of the calibration curve, preparation of samples, standards and reagents; use of the formulae for the calculation etc. Analytical Method Development is required.